Your brand name and logo are among your most valuable assets, and a trademark is how you make them legally yours. You can start using the ™ symbol within days of filing; the registered ® symbol follows once the process completes. This guide covers the classes, the search, the full filing-to-registration process, the fees, and the MSME discount worth claiming.
- Trademarks are filed under one of 45 classes matching your goods or services.
- Always run a trademark search before filing to avoid conflicts.
- You can use ™ from filing; ® only after registration.
- Government fees are 50% lower for Udyam MSMEs, individuals and startups.
The process step by step
- Trademark search: check the register for conflicting marks before you file.
- Choose the class: trademarks are filed under 45 classes; pick the ones that match your goods or services.
- File the application: you can use the ™ symbol immediately.
- Examination: the registry examines and may raise an objection.
- Publication: the mark is published in the Trade Marks Journal for opposition.
- Registration: if unopposed, the mark is registered and you can use ®.
™ vs ® — what you can use, when
| Symbol | Meaning | When you can use it |
|---|---|---|
| ™ | Unregistered mark claimed | From the moment you file (or use) |
| ® | Registered trademark | Only after registration is granted |
“Your brand is an asset. A trademark is how you legally own it — and stop competitors trading on your name.”
Frequently asked questions
How long does trademark registration take?
If unopposed, typically several months to around a year, depending on examination and the journal-publication period. You can use ™ throughout.
Do I need to register in more than one class?
Only if your goods and services span multiple classes. Each class is a separate filing (and fee), so choose based on what you actually offer.
What if my application is objected to?
An objection is not a rejection — you file a reply and may attend a hearing. See our objection response guide.
Objections are common and answerable — see our objection response guide. Our trademark registration service runs the search, files and tracks objections. Explore all registration services.
